Restriction of fetal growth

What is fetal growth restriction?

Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) is a condition where the baby has an estimated weight that is too low for gestational age. In addition to the estimated weight of the baby (EFW), the diagnosis criteria also use parameters such as tummy girth.

Fetal growth restriction can be divided into early and late. Early, when it occurs before 32. week, and late – in the following weeks. Each type of FGR has its own specific causes.

What are the causes of fetal growth restriction?

Every mother-to-be in the first trimester should have a so-called “baby shower” performed. composite test. Thus, in addition to the risk of chromosomal defects, the risk of pre-eclampsia or fetal growth restriction can be determined. In cases of increased risk, prophylaxis in the form of taking 150 mg of acetylsalicylic acid is possible.

Among the causes of fetal growth restriction are. maternal causes. These include, for example:

• Age > 40 years
• Chronic hypertension
• Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy
• Diabetes with vascular changes

In addition, causes of growth restriction include TORCH infectious diseases, such as toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus in pregnancy. Growth restriction can also co-occur with chromosomal aberrations.

Restriction of fetal growth – management

Typically, when a fetal growth restriction is found, the gynecologist will look for possible causes of this condition. The gestational age is verified, and tests for toxoplasmosis or cytomegalovirus may also be ordered. Assessment of fetal growth should be performed at centers for hypotrophy. Ultrasound along with vascular flow is evaluated depending on the specific case, but even 1x per 1-2 weeks. In the case of estimated low fetal weight, but normal vascular flows, delivery should take place after the 37th fetus is completed. One week of pregnancy. And if the baby is found to have abnormal flows or the KTG recording is abnormal, it may be necessary to terminate the pregnancy early. It is very important that a woman with a high risk of growth restriction be under the constant care of a specialized center.